ls | Lists the files and directories in the current directory |
cd | Changes the current directory |
mv | Moves a file or directory to a new location |
cp | Copies a file or directory to a new location |
rm | Removes a file or directory |
mkdir | Creates a new directory |
chmod | Changes the permissions of a file or directory |
grep | Searches for a specified pattern in a file or output |
find | Searches for a specified file or directory in the file system |
tar | Creates or extracts files from a tar archive |
man | Shows the manual page for a command |
cat | Concatenates and displays the contents of one or more files |
top | Displays real-time information about running processes |
history | Shows a list of recently used commands |
ping | Tests the connection to a specified network host |
chown | Changes the owner of a file or directory |
df | Displays the amount of free space on a file system |
du | Shows the size of a file or directory |
echo | Prints a message to the terminal |
head | Displays the first few lines of a file |
less | Displays the contents of a file one page at a time |
tail | Displays the last few lines of a file |
touch | Creates an empty file or updates the timestamp of an existing file |
uname | Shows information about the current system |
wc | Counts the number of lines, words, and characters in a file |
apt-get | Installs or removes packages from the package manager |
yum | Installs or removes packages from the package manager |
systemctl | Controls the system service manager |
service | Controls the system service manager |
ssh | Connects to a remote server over a secure shell connection |
chroot | Changes the root directory of the current process |
cron | Schedules commands to be run at a specified time |
crontab | Edits the crontab file for scheduling tasks |
curl | Transfers data from or to a server using various protocols |
diff | Shows the differences between two files |
dmesg | Shows the kernel message log |
free | Shows information about memory usage |
gzip | Compresses or decompresses a file using the gzip algorithm |
unzip | Extracts files from a zip archive |
kill | Sends a signal to a process to terminate it |
locate | Searches for a file or directory in the system database |
nano | A text editor for the terminal |
passwd | Changes the password for a user account |
ps | Shows a list of running processes |
reboot | Restarts the system |
route | Shows or modifies the routing table |
sed | Edits a file or stream by applying a set of commands |
sort | Sorts the lines of a file or stream |
tee | Sends output to both the terminal and a file |
time | Shows the time taken to run a command |
traceroute | Shows the path taken by packets to a specified host |
vi | A text editor for the terminal |
wget | Downloads a file from the internet |
awk | A programming language for text processing |
bash | The default shell for most Linux systems |
chgrp | Changes the group of a file or directory |
clear | Clears the terminal screen |
date | Shows the current date and time |